智慧轨道交通

文章以尽可能降低装置所占空间为前提，根据动力集中动车组的碰撞防护要求，完成了收缩管吸能元件的方案设计。采用显式有限元分析方法，结合试验测定的部件性能参数，对比分析了吸能元件在不同速度条件下的冲击响应特性。该方案在已有相关研究基础上，通过拉丁超立方试验设计(LHS)方法对吸能元件的关键参数进行采样，并据此构建了反映其冲击力学性能的响应面近似模型。采用非支配排序遗传算法(NSGA-Ⅱ)对该吸能元件进行了以提升撞击力与吸能效率为目标的多目标结构优化匹配设计，最终获取了最优解集对应的优化结构方案。经过响应面优化后的动力集中动车组吸能装置，其吸能能力符合设计要求，且对优化后的防爬吸能装置模型进行了碰撞试验，试验结果与优化方案数据相符合，验证了优化方案的准确性与可靠性。

To satisfy crashworthiness requirements while minimizing installation space, a front-end anti-climbing energy-absorbing device based on a collapsing tube structure was developed for power-concentrated electric multiple units(EMUs). Explicit finite-element simulations were performed to investigate the impact response characteristics of the energy absorber under different collision velocities using experimentally determined material and component parameters. Latin Hypercube Sampling(LHS) was employed to generate design samples for key structural parameters, and a response surface model was established to characterize impact performance. Subsequently, a multi-objective optimization framework based on the Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm Ⅱ(NSGA-Ⅱ) was applied to maximize impact resistance and energy absorption efficiency simultaneously. An optimal structural design was obtained from the Pareto-optimal solution set. The optimized energy-absorbing device satisfied all design requirements, and full-scale collision tests showed good agreement with simulation and optimization results. The study demonstrates the effectiveness and reliability of the proposed optimization methodology and provides technical support for crashworthy design of power-concentrated EMUs.